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Problems with urination and sharp pain in the lower abdomen most often indicates a disease such as cystitis. But those who are faced with this disease do not always know why it occurs and how to properly treat cystitis. But an advanced disease can cause serious complications, and in pregnant women even provoke a premature birth.
What kind of disease is cystitis?
It is important to understand that cystitis is an infectious disease, as its pathogens are various microbes and bacteria. Most often it can be Escherichia coli, less often - staphylococcus. They enter the bladder, where inflammation begins. If cystitis is not treated, then it can give complications to the kidneys. Women are more susceptible to this disease primarily because of the anatomical structure of the urinary system. Men are much less likely to suffer from cystitis, but, nevertheless, they also occur in them.
Types of Cystitis
There are two forms of the disease - acute and chronic. Acute cystitis occurs suddenly and is characterized by painful sensations and burning sensation when urinating. Chronic cystitis is an untreated disease that appears from time to time. The types of disease depend on the cause of its appearance. Therefore, such types of cystitis are known as:
- infectious cystitis (bacteria entering the bladder);
- radiation cystitis (occurs due to radiation therapy);
- traumatic (during surgery or sexual intercourse);
- hypercalceuric (with kidney disease);
- allergic (due to allergies);
- parasitic (due to the effects of a special kind of worms);
- interstitial (a rare abnormal form of the disease).
Also, cystitis is divided depending on the time of year. Accordingly, there is a "summer" and "winter" cystitis. In summer, the disease can provoke an active lifestyle - this is swimming in water, a change in climate or the inability to urinate on time. In the cold season, cystitis most often appears due to severe hypothermia of the body.
The complications that cystitis causes are primarily related to the bladder and kidneys. Diseases such as interstitial cystitis, that is, lesions of the mucous and muscle layers of the bladder, as well as pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidneys) occur.
Causes of cystitis
Women suffer from cystitis much more often than men. And the reason for this are:
- disorders of vaginal microflora;
- genital infection
- hypothermia;
- mechanical trauma;
- passive lifestyle;
- untreated venereological or gynecological diseases;
- vitamin deficiency and poor nutrition;
- hormonal disorders;
- pregnancy;
- surgical intervention.
There are a number of reasons from which cystitis occurs much less frequently. These are diseases of the upper respiratory tract, constipation, weak immunity and the onset of sexual activity. How, for example, a regular cough or runny nose can trigger cystitis? Everything is very simple - pathogenic microbes with the help of blood circulation can get into any organ, and the bladder is no exception. Other causes also contribute to the growth of bacteria.
In men, the disease can appear as a result of instrumental urological examination, diabetes mellitus or with inflammation of the urethra. Also, cystitis often occurs in children, especially with hypothermia, a recent infection or due to pathologies of the urinary system.
Symptoms of cystitis
The main symptom of cystitis is a constant urge to urinate. If the case is neglected, the interval between such urges rarely exceeds 3-5 minutes. In this case, the patient eventually ceases to control his bladder and begins to suffer from enuresis. In addition, cystitis is accompanied by fever, chills, and nausea. And if blood appeared in the urine, it means that the disease has passed into a more severe stage.
The next symptom that occurs with cystitis is dysuria. In other words, urination becomes painful and difficult. Because of this, the patient may experience pain in the lower back and lower abdomen. Older people may also suffer from the retention of large amounts of fluid in the bladder.
How to get rid of cystitis
This disease can occur in any woman, as there are many reasons for this. But it is important to conduct a full treatment, otherwise cystitis can easily become chronic. Be sure to consult with a gynecologist and pregnant women, since in their case the disease is far from harmless. If cystitis appeared in a man, then you should know that their attacks almost always repeat.
Having discovered the symptoms of cystitis, you must immediately go to a gynecologist or urologist. Specialists usually prescribe a series of examinations and analyzes. Further cystitis must be treated. Otherwise, the symptoms will pass, and the disease itself will become chronic. Hospitalization is practically not required, but compliance with bed rest is necessary. After the examination, the doctor prescribes a specific drug (antibiotic) and additional procedures. In general, the method of treatment depends on the cause of the disease.
Most often, the doctor will prescribe Biseptol, Nolitsin or Monural. Pregnant women with cystitis should take Cefuroxime or Amoxicillin, since medicines like Biseptol or Tetracycline are contraindicated for them. The course of treatment rarely exceeds 5-7 days. An important condition for the quick and successful treatment of cystitis is the absence of an intimate relationship with the patient during this period. This is necessary in order for healthy microflora to recover as quickly as possible.
Usually, for a complete recovery, the patient is enough to take a course of antibiotics. But the treatment of cystitis also involves surgery. It is necessary to eliminate the causes that provoked the disease. It can be a variety of tumors, stones, dilation of the urethra or prostatectomy.
How to get rid of cystitis folk remedies
Treatment with folk remedies may not be superfluous. One of the most effective means is a parsley decoction. To do this, the leaves, as well as the roots of the plant, must be carefully ground. Then pour a teaspoon of the mixture with one glass of boiling water and leave for several hours. Usually they drink it before meals.
Good dill helps with cystitis. It is also finely chopped, poured with boiling water and kept in a water bath for no more than 15 minutes. Then it is cooled and filtered. If the infusion is highly concentrated, it can be diluted with boiling water. Drink the broth 3 times a day in a glass half an hour before meals.
Well, if a patient with cystitis will take baths with the addition of herbs. Such therapeutic baths should be taken every other day, and the entire course is 10-15 procedures. The most effective means are birch leaves, sage or cones and pine needles (spruce). The broth is prepared simply - chopped birch and sage (or pine cones and needles) must be filled with boiling water. 200-300 grams of the mixture per 5 liters of water. Then leave to infuse for several hours.
What else can be done
If cystitis is detected, it is naturally necessary to urgently treat it. But while such treatment works, you can get rid of the symptoms of the disease and improve well-being. To do this, you must:
- Observe bed rest (if you detect blood in the urine, you can use a warm heating pad).
- Drink plenty of fluids, but not tea and milk. With cystitis, it is best to drink cranberry or blueberry fruit drinks, as well as herbal decoctions.
- Eat while dieting. With this disease, you should not eat fatty foods, canned food and marinades. Excellent if it will be dairy products, fruits and vegetables.
- Saunas and baths with cystitis are contraindicated. It is even better to wash yourself with warm water with the addition of special antiseptic agents.
Cystitis in children
Children are prone to this disease even more than adults. This is especially true for girls of preschool and school age. The fact is that they do not so carefully observe personal hygiene, and their ovaries lack endocrine function. At the same time, it is not recommended to treat children as well as adults.
Firstly, some drugs are too strong for a young body. Secondly, the dosage of even "harmless" drugs should be reduced. Therefore, it is better to conduct treatment on the basis of a doctor’s opinion. Prior to this, parents can only alleviate the condition of the child with the help of bed rest, proper nutrition and plenty of drinking.
Cystitis Prevention
It does not matter if there were cystitis attacks earlier or not. No one has canceled preventative measures. Therefore, in order not to put your body at risk, you must:
- To drink a lot of water. In practice, this should be at least 7-8 glasses per day. In this case, drink should not be tea or coffee, but clean water.
- If cystitis has long become chronic, then the pattern of exacerbation of the disease with the use of spicy food, alcohol, changes in sexual life, etc., should be followed.
- It is better if the underwear is made of cotton. Synthetics creates additional moisture, and this contributes to the growth of bacteria.
- It is also important to maintain hygiene during menstruation, as blood is also an excellent medium for germs.
- In no case should supercooling be allowed.
- It is best to stop using soap or deodorants for intimate hygiene, as well as scented toilet paper.
- It is necessary to carefully monitor which food can provoke the occurrence of cystitis. This is spicy, pickled or fried food, as well as alcohol and carbonated drinks. But anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties are possessed by such products as carrots, beets, cranberries, cranberries and celery.
In addition, there is drug prevention. It is necessary in order to prevent exacerbation of the disease. The doctor may prescribe the following funds:
- immunologics
- probiotics;
- intravesical instillations;
- herbal medicine.
Antibacterial prophylaxis will not be superfluous. This method is used in extreme cases only if other methods do not bring the proper result. In addition, prolonged use of antibiotics can be accompanied by various side effects. Typically, prevention is carried out in two ways - the use of drugs every time after intercourse or their use at night to prevent seasonal exacerbations.
Prevention of cystitis is necessary to prevent the onset of the disease. But often this is remembered when the first symptoms have already appeared and you have to go to the doctor. In this case, it is necessary to take the treatment seriously, making it comprehensive. It should be understood that the first attack of cystitis may recur in the future and for this you need only slight hypothermia, etc. Therefore, treatment should not be delayed.
Video: treatment of cystitis in women at home
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