Brown spots on the face: causes and treatment

The ideal faces of models and actresses shine from television screens and glossy magazines, forcing us to strive for this excellence. We are constantly fighting for a smooth, even and supple skin. We fight wrinkles and acne, dry and oily skin. And if dryness and excess fat can be eliminated, wrinkles are smoothed out, and acne can be cured, then pigmentation is a little worse. It is quite difficult to remove pigment spots, since in this case changes occur on the inner layers of the dermis. Today we’ll talk about age spots - how and why they appear, how to deal with them, and most importantly, how to prevent their reappearance.

External causes of age spots

Like any other change in the body, pigmentation can occur due to internal and external causes. Internal - these are various changes in the body of a woman, which lead to a violation of the uniformity of the pigment on the skin. External causes are associated with negative environmental impact. Let's talk about the possible external causes of pigmentation in more detail.

1. Injuries to the skin. Normally, the skin produces a certain amount of melanin, which is distributed in a thin layer over the entire area. A pigment spot is a collection of melanin closer to the surface of the epidermis. If acne and acne are treated too aggressively, removing the upper layer of the skin, then mechanical damage will remain in their place, leading to pigmentation. This also includes burns, boils, open wounds, aggressive peeling and other procedures that lead to the removal of the upper layer of the skin.
2. Ultraviolet. Normally, the skin under the influence of ultraviolet light becomes dark. This is how melanin is produced, which is designed to protect the epidermis from the aggressive rays of the sun. If you stay under the sun for a very long time, melanin is unevenly excreted, age spots may appear. Especially if you do not protect the skin from the sun after the peeling procedure - in this case, pigmentation can not be avoided. Remember, ultraviolet is very dangerous, you can not sunbathe in the sun at noon. Brown spots are not the worst thing that can happen. Prolonged exposure to the sun is fraught with neoplasms (oncology).

These are the main external causes of the appearance of age spots. And if you can somehow cope with them, then what to do with changes in the body that lead to pigmentation?

Internal causes of age spots

Skin is a reflection of all the internal processes of the body. If a person leads a healthy lifestyle, adheres to proper nutrition, moves a lot and does not get sick, his skin will be elastic, healthy and monotonous. So what kind of changes are indicated by age spots?

1. Hormones. Most often, age spots appear on the background of hormonal changes in the body. Often, such spots can be noticed before the menstrual cycle, during puberty, menopause, pregnancy, etc. In this case, the treatment will not bring the expected result until the hormonal background returns to normal.
2. Genetic predisposition. With DNA, a huge amount of information is transmitted from mother to child - the shape and size of parts of the body, the predisposition to certain diseases, the thickness of the skin and its sensitivity to sunlight. If parents have age spots, it is highly likely that at a certain age spots will certainly appear in children.
3. Aging. As a rule, in old age pigmentation is enhanced due to the uneven distribution of melanin, due to hormonal changes, chronic diseases. In addition, the skin loses its elasticity and firmness, pigmentation becomes more pronounced.
4. Diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver lead to metabolic disorders in the skin. Reddish spots indicate problems with the gastrointestinal tract, yellow and brown are most often the result of the release of bile into the tissue. In this case, you need to check the work of the liver and biliary tract.
5. Medication. Taking antibiotics and hormonal drugs for a long time can lead to age spots on the face.
6. Allergy. If you have allergic reactions in the form of rashes and itching, and they last for a long period, these lesions on the skin can develop into age spots.
7. Endocrine Disorders When pigment spots occur, most often doctors suspect abnormalities in the endocrine system. Pituitary tumors and disorders of the thyroid gland can trigger the appearance of age spots.
8. Worms. Pigment spots on the face and other parts of the body, which are usually not darker, but lighter than the basic tone of the epidermis, may indicate parasitic invasion. Be sure to submit an analysis to confirm or refute this.

In addition, the pigment may appear on the face due to an insufficient amount of the necessary vitamins in the body. Diagnostic spots such as syphilis, tuberculosis, and autoimmune disorders may accompany age spots.

How to treat age spots

To get rid of unpleasant age spots on the face, you need to try to find out why they arose. To do this, you need to visit a therapist and, if necessary, doctors of a narrower specialization - a gynecologist, endocrinologist, dermatologist, gastroenterologist, etc. If doctors do not find systemic changes in their part, you need to contact a cosmetologist. The doctor will offer you professional ways to remove age spots.

1. Phototherapy. This procedure consists in exposing the skin to special rays that penetrate deeper and destroy the foci of accumulation of melanin. The disadvantage of using this method is that you have to fight pointwise, processing only darkened areas. The procedure is absolutely painless.
2. Mesotherapy The principle of this procedure is that special whitening and vitamin formulations are introduced under the skin, which prevent the formation of spots and lighten already existing dark areas on the skin. To achieve a good result, you need to do mesotherapy every week for several months. This procedure is indicated for thin and sensitive skin, since other products cannot be used in this case.
3. Cryotherapy. This is the treatment of stains with liquid nitrogen. Some time after the procedure, the old skin is exfoliated along with the pigmented area, the face becomes more uniform. The procedure is especially effective against senile pigment.
4. Laser peeling. Laser resurfacing involves deep peeling when a cosmetologist removes the top layer of the epidermis along with tinting spots. Since laser resurfacing is a rather painful procedure, it is performed under anesthesia.
5. Chemical peeling. Chemical peeling is the removal of the same upper layer of the skin, but certain acids are used for this. They corrode the stratum corneum of the epidermis along with pigmentation.
6. Ultrasound. Ultrasound is carried out after peeling - laser or chemical. High-frequency rays are sent to darkened areas of the skin, which literally destroy the accumulation of melanin. To save the result, 10-12 procedures per year are enough.

In addition, the cosmetologist can offer whitening creams based on mercury and zinc paste.They are quite effective, but have a number of contraindications - pregnancy and lactation, among them. But if there is no time or money to visit a cosmetologist, how to whiten the skin at home?

How to get rid of age spots yourself

In the piggy bank of folk recipes, there are many magic ingredients that can whiten the face and give it a uniform color. Home lighting products are effective only with constant use, the result will be noticeable in 2-3 procedures.

1. Parsley and kefir. Both of these components have a pronounced whitening effect. On a bunch of parsley, you need two tablespoons of kefir. Greens should be chopped in a blender until smooth. This is very important, parsley cut with a knife will not give up so much juice and nutrients. Mix the green mass with kefir and apply the product on cleansed skin. You will achieve a better effect if you apply the mask after peeling. Leave the mask on for 30 minutes and then rinse it off with water.
2. Orange, sugar, butter and cucumber. Medium-sized cucumber should be chopped and mixed with a teaspoon of any cosmetic oil (olive can be), the same amount of orange juice and sugar. Apply the product on the skin, making light massage movements, as if cleansing the epidermis from the stratum corneum. The resulting scrub perfectly remove the top layer of skin along with dark spots. Citrus is an acid that corrodes dead skin flakes as a chemical peeling. Sugar crystals play the role of mechanical grinding. Oil provides nutrition and moisturizes the skin, cucumber has a powerful whitening effect.
3. Yeast and lemon juice. Mix a pack of yeast with fresh lemon juice. Apply the mixture on the skin and leave for 20 minutes. The mask gives a good whitening effect. To maintain the result, you need to apply a similar mixture to the face every week.
4. Coconut oil and cranberries. Fresh or frozen berries should be chopped and the pulp mixed with coconut oil. Apply the resulting mixture to cleansed skin and leave for half an hour. The effect is noticeable after the first procedure. The mask perfectly whitens the face and eliminates not only age spots, but also freckles.
5. Hydrogen peroxide and oatmeal. Mix peroxide with ground oatmeal so that a creamy mass is obtained. Apply the mask on the face and leave for 30 minutes. This is a good tool for whitening thin and sensitive skin.

Home whitening recipes are really effective if you are ready to do them patiently and regularly every week, or even more often.

In the fight against pigmentation, much attention is paid to prevention. To protect your skin from age spots, you need to hide it from direct sunlight. Wear wide-brimmed hats and high SPR sunscreens. It is better to refuse to visit the solarium. Carefully approach the choice of hormonal drugs. Watch the quality of your diet, avoid constipation, because often the spots appear on the background of intestinal slagging. Follow these simple rules, and age spots will not be scary to you!

Video: Chinese mask for age spots